Eyelid lesions
The skin of the eyelids is delicate and can develop a range of benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) lesions. Most eyelid “lumps and bumps” are harmless, but it’s important to monitor them for changes and seek medical advice if they persist or change in appearance.
Common Benign Eyelid Lesions: generally not serious but may require treatment if they cause irritation, swelling, or visual obstruction.
- Chalazion: Commonly known as “styes,” are very common, and are associated with meibomian gland dysfunction. Meibomian glands are small, thin, vertical glands that secrete fluid onto the surface of the eye to prevent evaporation of the tear film. In many cases, these can resolve with hot compresses, and artificial tears for comfort. Sometimes, these do not resolve, or granulate/scar. This can be treated with a small incision from the inside of the eyelid and manual removal of the meibomian gland contents. This is done in the office under local anesthesia (small needle with anesthetic). The cosmetic outcome of this procedure is generally very favourable.
- Cysts are fluid-filled sacs that may grow slowly and remain stable for years. In some cases, they can become visually distracting or cause irritation, necessitating removal.
- Skin Tags or Papillomas: Soft, flesh-colored growths that are usually benign and can be removed if bothersome.
Why Screening for Eyelid Cancer Is Important
Though rare, eyelid skin cancers do occur—particularly in individuals with fair skin, high sun exposure, or a history of skin cancers elsewhere.
When to See a Doctor
You should seek medical evaluation if you notice:
- A new lump or bump that persists longer than a few weeks
- A lesion that bleeds, crusts, or does not heal
- Rapid growth or change in size, shape, or color
- Loss of eyelashes in the affected area
Early detection of eyelid cancers leads to better outcomes and often allows for simpler treatments.